| C O N T E N T S | 
| Mastigophora 
 
| Flagellates with or without chloroplasts, 
phytomastigotes are possibly derived from secondary endosymbiosis of eukaryotic algae into the cells of zoomastigotes. |  | Choanoflagellida | Cell body small, plastic with one anterior flagellum which is surrounded by siliceous collar; 
	Codosiga, Salpingoeca,  etc. | 
	| Bicoecida (Bicosoecida) | Similar to Choanoflagellates, but  vase-shaped lorica (or test) is made with chitinous materials | 
	| Kinetoplastida | One or two flagella emerging from a depression of cell body; with kinetoplast 
	(feulgen-positive spherical or oval body at the base of flagellum) ; 
	free-living (Bodo) or parasitic (Tripanosoma) | 
	| Cercomonadida | With two flagella of unequal length, no kinetoplast; flagellar base close to parabasal body | 
	| Rhizomastigida | "Flagellated" amoeba | 
	| Cryptophyceae | Cell body kidney-shaped; two equal-length flagella emerged from anterior depression; Cryptomonas | 
	| Dinophyceae | Cell body with two grooves, horizontal and vertical; with or without chloroplasts; 
	Peridinium, Ceratium,  etc. | 
	| Euglenophyceae | 1 - 3 flagella emerging from anterior canal; with or without chloroplasts; 
	Euglena, Phacus, Peranema, Entosiphon,  etc. | 
|  | 
| Opalinata | Opalinea | Cell body covered with many cilia like ciliates, but without macro- and micronuclear differentiation Symbionts in the intestine of frogs
 | 
|  | 
| Sarcodia 
 | Cell body plastic with amoeboid movement, 
Heliozoa contain radially-arranged axopodia, Amoeba are with or without tests. | 
 | Heliozoea | Axopodia arranged radially; 
	some (e.g. Ciliophrys) 
	transform from heliozoa to flagellates. 
 | 
	| Lobosea: Gymnamoebia | Pseudopodia lobate; without tests (cell body naked); 
	Amoeba proteus, Mayorella,  etc. | 
	| Lobosea: Testacealobosia | Pseudopodia lobate; with tests (cell body within a test); 
	Arcella, Difflugia,  etc. | 
	| Filosea | Pseudopodia filamentous; with or without tests; 
	Gromia, Vanpyrella, Euglypha,  etc. | 
	| Granuloreticulosea | Pseudopodia reticular; with or without tests; 
	Biomyxa, etc. | 
|  | 
| Ciliophora 
 | Cell body covered with cilia, nulcei differentiate to macro- and micronuclei, 
cilia also differentiate to unique structures (cirri, membranelle, etc), many species. | 
 | Karyorelictea | Miacronuclei are produced from micronuclei at each cell division; 
	Loxodes,  etc. | 
	| Heterotrichea | Cell body large, mostly contractile; 
	Stentor, Blepharisma,  etc. | 
	| Spirotrichea | Adoral zone well-developed; 
	Euplotes, Stylonychia,  etc. | 
	| Prostomatea | Cytostome apical;  cell body cylindrical or spherical in shape; 
	Coleps, Prorodon,  etc. | 
	| Litostomatea | Cytostome subapical; cell body laterally compressed; with or without toxicysts; 
	Loxophyllum, Dileptus, Lacrymaria,  etc. | 
	| Phyllopharyngea | Chilodonella, Suctoria, etc. | 
	| Nassophorea | Nassula, Paramecium, Frontonia, etc. | 
	| Oligohymenophorea | Tetrahymena, Glaucoma, Vorticella, etc. | 
	| Colpodea | Cell division occurs within a reproductive cyst (except Bursaria); 
	Colpoda, Cyrtolophosis, etc. | 
|  | 
| Heterokonta 
 | Cell body with long and short flagella. | 
 | Chrysophyceae | With or without chloroplasts; 
	chloroplast yellowish green or yellowish brown due to a large amount of beta carotin and xanthophyll, 
	also cotains chlorophyll a and c; 
	Dinobryon, Synura,  etc. | 
	| Xanthophyceae | Similar to Chrysophyceae, but lacks fucoxanthin (a brown carotenoid pigment); 
	Vaucheria,  etc. | 
	| Raphidophyceae | Gonyostomum,  etc. | 
	| Bacillariophyceae | Cell body covered with siliceous cell wall having numerous small pores; 
	Centrales radially symmetrical, Pennales laterally symmetrical with or without central groove. | 
|  | 
| Chlorophyta 
 | Cell body with chloroplasts containing chlorophyll a and b. | 
 | Chlorophyceae | This group may or may not include Charophyceae. Chlamydomonas, Volvox, Pediastrum, Scenedesmus, Oedogonium, etc.
 | 
	| Ulvophyceae | Ulothrix, etc. | 
	| Charophyceae | This group may or may not include Gamophyceae. 
	Chaetosphaeridium | 
	| Gamophyceae | Sexual reproduction (conjugation) is known.  
	Mougeotia, Zygnema, Spirogyra, Closterium, Cosmarium, etc. | 
	| Trebouxiophyceae | Microthamnion, Trebouxia | 
|  |