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Gamophyceae: Zygnematales: Desmidiaceae

Subgenus: Prostaurastrum
Staurastrum orbiculare
Ralfs 1848

Species [ var. orbiculare ]: 33.6-44.8 μm long, 28-39 μm wide, isthmus 7-11 μm wide; semicells nearly semicircular in side view; cell wall dotted.
[ var. ralfsii W. et G.S. West ]: 31-41 μm long, 22-36 μm wide, isthmus 7-11 μm wide; semicells close to triangular in side view.
[ var. messikommeri Hirano ]: 21 μm long, 22 μm wide, isthmus 6.5 μm wide; semicells longitudinally depressed, semicircular or spindle-shaped in side view; bay opened.
[ f. subangulata Messikommer ]: 39 μm long, 29.4 μm wide, isthmus 12.6 μm wide; semicells conical in side view; bay opened
[ var. depressum Roy et Bisset ]: 19.6-29.4 μm long, 19.6-28 μm wide, isthmus 7-8.4 μm wide; semicells longitudinally depressed semicircular in side view.
[ var. hibernicum W. et G.S. West ]: Larger than var. orbiculare, 42-65 μm long, 36-56 μm wide, isthmus 9.5-20 μm wide; apex of semicells flattened (Illustrations of The Japanese Fresh-water Algae, 1977).
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var. hibernicum: Large, 42-65 x 36-56 μm
Staurastrum orbiculare
v. hibernicum
57 x 47 μm
Yamaguchi Univ.
Yamaguchi, 2004
Staurastrum
v. hibernicum
53 x 47 μm
Yamaguchi Univ.
Yamaguchi, 2004
Staurastrum
v. hibernicum
46 x 43 μm
Yamaguchi Univ.
Yamaguchi, 2004
var. orbiculare: 33.6-44.8 x 28-39 μm
Staurastrum
S. orbiculare
40 x 36 μm
Uruguay, 1999
Staurastrum orbicurale
S. orbiculare
45 x 40 μm
Kaga
Ishikawa, 2000
Staurastrum
S. orbiculare
strain Ikk-2
Cell division
Ishikawa, 2000
Staurastrum
S. orbiculare
43 x 45 μm
Niigata, 2001
var. ralfsii: 31-41 x 22-36 μm; semicells close to triangular in side view
Staurastrum
S. orbiculare
x 31 μm
Oze s.k.m.
Oze-ga-hara
Gunma, 2006
Staurastrum orbiculare
S. orbiculare
31 x 27 μm
Miyatoko m.5
Minami-Aizu
Fukushima, 2008
Staurastrum
S. orbiculare
20 x 25 μm
Naruto
Chiba, 2003
Staurastrum
S. orbiculare
29 x 24 μm
Tanohara marsh
Shiga highland
Nagano, 2004
var. depressum: 19.6-29.4 μm long, 19.6-28 μm; semicircular; bay closed
Staurastrum orbiculare
S. orbiculare
26 x 23 μm
Tanohara marsh
Shiga highland
Nagano, 2004
Staurastrum orbiculare
S. orbiculare
30 x 30 μm
Ishinazaka
Furukawa
Miyagi, 2003
Staurastrum
S. orbiculare
35 x 29 μm
Sensho-ga-hara
Shizukuishi
Iwate, 2007
Staurastrum orbiculare
S. orbiculare
28 x 27 μm
Kareki-numa
Nikko
Tochigi, 2008
Staurastrum orbiculare
v. depressum
24 x 22 μm
Tanohara marsh
Shiga highland
Nagano, 2004
Staurastrum
v. depressum
22 x 20 μm
Tane-ike
Togakushi highland
Nagano, 2005
Staurastrum orbiculare
v. depressum
25 x 23 μm
Hikage marsh
Shiga highland
Nagano, 2005
Staurastrum orbiculare
v. depressum
x 19 μm
Doman Green P.
Saitama, 2001
Staurastrum orbiculare
v. depressum ?
x 11 μm
Biwanokage A.P.
Tajima
Fukushima, 2004
var. messikommeri: Small, 21 x 22 μm; semicircle/spindle-shaped; bay opened
Staurastrum orbiculare
v. messikommeri
23 x 23 μm
Tanohara marsh
Shiga highland
Nagano, 2004
Staurastrum orbiculare
v. messikommeri
32 x 27 μm
Karakemi marsh
Omachi
Nagano, 2006
Similar species -->> Staurastrum muticum; Spondylosium javanicum;

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Staurastrum orbiculare
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