Genus: Cell body short, radiate in shape; apical view of the cell, triangular, polygonal, ellipsoidal or spindle-shaped; zygospores formed outside of mother cells.
Subgenus: with arm-like projections (Illustrations of The Japanese Fresh-water Algae, 1977)
Species:

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v. iotanum: 3 arm-like projections
v. iotanum μm Omine-numa Tsukiyono Gunma, 2003	v. iotanum 19 x 13 μm Tane-ike Togakushi highland Nagano, 2005	v. iotanum 25 x 30 μm Shimo-no-koike Shiga highland Nagano, 2006	v. iotanum 18 x 19 μm 24 x 24 μm Kumakubo Nasu-shiobara Tochigi, 2005
v. tortum: 2 arm-like projections; 28 μm long (including arms)
v. tortum 23 x 24 μm Showa Memorial p. Tokyo, 2001	v. tortum 28 x 27 μm Akigase Park Saitama, 2002	v. tortum 28 x 27 μm Sanda Hyogo, 2001	v. tortum 28 x 28 μm Kenmin-kenko f.m. Koshigaya Saitama, 2006
v. tortum 19 x 20 μm Kabuto-yama Nishi-no-miya Hyogo, 2004	v. tortum 22 x 24 μm Koigakubo marsh Tessei-cho Okayama, 2004	v. tortum 27 x 28 μm Lake Nojiri Shinano Nagano, 2004	v. tortum 29 x 34 μm Hasu-ike Shiga highland Nagano, 2005
v. tortum μm Maimeno-ike 3 Norikura highland Nagano, 2007	v. tortum x 30 μm Iroha-numa 3 Zao mountain Yamagata, 2006	v. tortum 24 x 26 μm Kashiwa v.m.p. Kashiwa Chiba, 2008
v. longatum: 2 arm-like projections; 38.7 μm long (including arms)
v. longatum 35 x 38 μm near Dedono-yu Nishiwaga Iwate, 2007	v. longatum 37 x 45 μm Shirahata-Numa Urawa Saitama, 2005	v. longatum ? x 38 μm Shinobazu-ike Tokyo, 2001

Simiar species -->> S. biexcavatum;

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