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Oligohymenophorea (formerly Nassophorea): Peniculida: Frontoniidae

 Frontonia vernalis
Ehrenberg, 1833

Frontonia vernalis Genus: Postoral kineties usually to left of oral poykinetids (Illustrated Guide, 1985). Left edge is more curved than right edge; cytopharynx with numerous strong fibrils; ectoplasm with numerous fusiform trichocysts; macronucleus oval; one to several micronulei (Kudo, 1966).
Species:
Other endosymbioses
RAPD tree of Frontonia (Tsukii, Proc. Jpn. Soc. Protozool., 2002)

Frontonia vernalis, cell body 264 μm long, 110 μm wide, fed on Penium margaritaceum (did not grow when Chlorogonium sp. used as food), x 640, Fukada Park, Sanda city, Hyogo Pref., Japan, November 2001 by Y. Tsukii
x 100, x 200, x 400, x 640
scale 50 μm scale 100 μm scale 150 μm; x 400 : scale 31 μm scale 63 μm scale 94 μm; x 640
Frontonia vernalis Frontonia vernalis Frontonia vernalis Frontonia vernalis
x 200, x 400, x 640
Frontonia vernalis Frontonia vernalis Frontonia vernalis
x 100, x 200, x 400
Frontonia vernalis Frontonia vernalis Frontonia vernalis Frontonia vernalis

Frontonia vernalis, stock Hsf-32, macronucleus ellipsoidal, μm long, μm wide, with several micronuclei, x 640, Fukada Park, Sanda city, Hyogo Pref., Japan, November 2001 by Y. Tsukii
Frontonia vernalis Frontonia vernalis Frontonia vernalis

Focused on cell surface, trichocysts elongated spindle-shaped or needle-like (9 μm long, 1.5 μm wide)
Frontonia vernalis

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