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Gamophyceae: Desmidales: Desmidaceae or Peniaceae
(Charophyceae: Zygnematales: Desmidaceae)

Penium
Brébisson

Family: Unicells or cells loosely attached forming hyphae; cell body varied in shape, a constriction at the center in most species; cell walls consisting of two or more parts, with small pores and various ornaments (Illustrations of The Japanese Fresh-water Algae, 1977).
Genus: Cell body cylindroid, both ends rounded; cell wall smooth or granulated or longitudinally lined; constriction or bands present in some species; outer cell wall yellowish or brownish; chloroplast has radially-arranged laminae which attached cell wall in full length; one or several pyrenoids in each semicell, aligned in chloroplasts (Illustrations of The Japanese Fresh-water Algae, 1977).
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Cell wall granulated or dotted
Penium margaritaceum
P. margaritaceum
28 samples
89-203 μm
L/W= 4.2-8.0
1998-2008
Penium
P. margaritaceum
28 samples
89-203 μm
L/W= 4.2-8.0
1998-2008
Penium rufescens
P. rufescens
= Actinotaenium
5 samples
70 x 25-26 μm
2003-2008
Penium cylindrus
P. cylindrus
10 samples
32-51 x 8-11 μm
2004-2008
Penium
Penium sp. ?
μm
Kuroiso Park
Kuroiso
Tochigi, 2003
Cell wall lined
<i>Penium polymorphum</i> Perty,
P. polymorphum
35 samples
32-70 x 14-32 μm
L/W=2.2-2.6
200-2008
Penium
P. polymorphum
35 samples
32-70 x 14-32 μm
L/W=2.2-2.6
200-2008
Penium
P. polymorphum ?
35 x 13.5 μm
Koigakubo marsh
Tessei-cho
Okayama, 2004
Penium spirostriolatum
P. spirostriolatum
5 samples
210-240 x 20-22 μm
L/W=
2006-2008
xxxx
Penium sp. ?
or Cylindrocystis ?
52 x 25 μm
Hikage marsh
Shiga highland
Nagano, 2005
Penium
Penium sp. ?
or Cosmarium ?
19 x 9 μm
Koigakubo marsh
Tessei-cho
Okayama, 2004

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Penium
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