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Oligohymenophorea (formerly Nassophorea): Peniculida: Frontoniina: Frontoniidae

Frontonia leucas
(Ehrenberg, 1833) Ehrenberg, 1838

Frontonia Genus: Postoral kineties usually to left of oral poykinetids (Illustrated Guide, 1985). Left edge is more curved than right edge; cytopharynx with numerous strong fibrils; ectoplasm with numerous fusiform trichocysts; macronucleus oval; one to several micronulei (Kudo, 1966).
Species: 150-600 μm long; ventrally flattened; dark colored; buccal cavity close to anterior end (How to know the protozoa, 1979). Elongate 150-600 μm long; anterior is not wider than posterior; cytostome small with well defined pre- and postoral suture; a large macronucleus with three micronuclei; single contractile vacuole with 12 radiating canals; many trichocysts (Carey, 1992). Cell body 150-600 μm long (Kahl, 1930).
Similar Genus --> Disematostoma


Frontonia leucas ?, stock Skk ?, cell body 800 μm long, 240 μm wide, x 100, x 200, x 400, Japan, 199? by Y. Tsukii
scale 200 μm scale 400 μm scale 600 μm; x 100: scale 100 μm scale 200 μm scale 300 μm; x 200
Frontonia Frontonia Frontonia Frontonia
x 400, x 640
scale 50 μm scale 100 μm scale 150 μm; x 400 : scale 31 μm scale 63 μm scale 94 μm; x 640
Frontonia Frontonia Frontonia
x 640, close views of cytostome at different focus
scale 31 μm scale 63 μm scale 94 μm; x 640
Frontonia Frontonia Frontonia Frontonia
Frontonia Frontonia

Frontonia leucas ?, stock Skk ?, cell body 700 μm long, 288 μm wide, x 100, x 200
scale 200 μm scale 400 μm scale 600 μm; x 100: scale 100 μm scale 200 μm scale 300 μm; x 200
Frontonia Frontonia
Side view of cytostome, x 400
scale 50 μm scale 100 μm scale 150 μm; x 400
Frontonia Frontonia Frontonia Frontonia
Food vacuoles, ingested organism, Oscillatoria sp.
Frontonia Frontonia Frontonia Frontonia

Frontonia leucas ?, stock Skk ?, cell body 540 μm long, 152 μm wide, x 100
scale 200 μm scale 400 μm scale 600 μm; x 100
Frontonia Frontonia Frontonia

Frontonia leucas ?, stock Skk ?, cell body 540 μm long, 240 μm wide, Koaze river (Mizutori-no-sato Park), Kawagoe city, Saitama Pref., Japan, March 2002 by Y. Tsukii
x 100, x 200, x 400, x 640
scale 200 μm scale 400 μm scale 600 μm; x 100: scale 100 μm scale 200 μm scale 300 μm; x 200
Frontonia Frontonia Frontonia Frontonia


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