Family: Filamentous algae without branching; cell body cylindrical; chloroplasts band-, plate- or star-shaped (Illustrations of The Japanese Fresh-water Algae, 1977).
Genus: Filament without branching; cell body cylindrical; two chloroplasts star-shaped; tubes formed (or cell body fused) at conjugation; zygospore spherical or broad ellipsoidal formed within female gametangium (Guide book to the "Photomicrographs of the Freshwater Algae", 1998). About 100 species (Illustrations of The Japanese Fresh-water Algae, 1977).

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Cell body more than 30 μm in diam.
Zygnema sp. 62 x 44 μm Tsukuba Ibaraki, 2000	Zygnema sp. 53-60 x 42 μm Yasuji-kawa Sawara Chiba, 2004	Zygnema sp. 127 x 40 μm Tsukuba Ibaraki, 2000	Zygnema sp. 48-90 x 40 μm Minuma-no-numa Omiya daisan p. Saitama, 2005
Zygnema sp. x 37 μm Fujioka Tochigi, 2001	Zygnema sp. 74 x 35 μm Japan, 1998	Z. pectinatum 40-60 x 35 μm Omiya-showa Saitama Saitama, 2005	Zygnema sp. 74 x 35 μm Japan, 1998
Zygnema sp. x 37 μm Takamatsu Kagawa, 2002	Zygnema sp. x μm Ishinazaka Furukawa Miyagi, 2003	Zygnema sp. x 36 μm Water field Yuri-Honjo Akita, 2008	Z. cruciatum or Z. fanicum ? x 32 μm Shinagawa Tokyo, 2003
Zygnema sp. x μm Motono Chiba, 2003	Zygnema sp. 6-104 x 33 μm Kinu river Takanezawa Tochigi, 2004	Zygnema sp. 6-104 x 33 μm Univ. A.V.M. Obihiro Hokkaido, 2005	Zygnema sp. x 30 μm Ikenokochi marsh Tsuruga Fukui, 2004
Zygnema sp. x 31 μm Nakano-numa p. Oura Gunma, 2006
Cell body less than 30 μm in diam.
Z. fanicum x 28 μm Kawashima or Kawajima Saitama, 2002	Zygnema sp. x 28 μm Iwatsuki Saitama, 2002	Zygnema sp. x 27 μm Hasuda Saitama, 2002	Z. normani ? x 25.5 μm Fukasaku-gawa Y. Saitama, 2002
Z. normani ? 37-75 x 26 μm Kamishiro Hakuba Nagano, 2004	Z. normani ? 36-42 x 25 μm near Takao-sakura p. Kitamoto Saitama, 2005	Zygnema sp. x 26 μm Ishinazaka Furukawa Miyagi, 2003	Zygnema sp. x 26 μm Kitayama park Higashi-Murayama Tokyo, 2004
Zygnema sp. x 26 μm Minuma-no-numa Omiya daisan p. Saitama, 2005	Zygnema sp. 23-47 x 26 μm Satsunai river Obihiro Hokkaido, 2005	Zygnema sp. x 24 μm Motono Chiba, 2003	Zygnema sp. x 25 μm Saitama, 1999
Zygnema sp. 65-74 x 25 μm gelatinous sheath Fujioka Tochigi, 2001	Zygnema sp. 46-102 x 24 μm Japan, 1998	Zygnema sp. x 25 μm Tone river Tsukiyono Gunma, 2003	Zygnema sp. 71 x 25 μm Takao-sakura p. Kitamoto Saitama, 2005
Zygnema sp. x 23 μm Tsukuba Ibaraki, 2000	Zygnema sp. x 23 μm gelatinous sheath Kaga Ishikawa, 2000	Zygnema sp. x 23-20 μm Lake Shirakaba Tateshina & Chino Nagano, 2005	Zygnema sp. x 21 μm near Oyomi marsh Hakuba Nagano, 2004
Zygnema sp. x 22.5 μm Kitayama park Higashi-Murayama Tokyo, 2006	Zygnema sp. x 22 μm Yakebitai mt. Shiga highland Nagano, 2006	Zygnema sp. 40 x 20 μm USA, 1999	Zygnema sp. x 19 μm gelatinous sheath Senjo-ga-hara Nikko Tochigi, 2003
Zygnema sp. x 19 μm Karasu river Takasaki Gunma, 2004	Zygnema sp. x 19 μm Kodanuki marsh Fujinomiya Shizuoka, 2006	Zygnema sp. 38 x 18 μm gelatinous sheath Sanda Hyogo, 2001	Zygnema sp. x 17.5 μm Imou bog 2 Toyohashi Aichi, 2006
Zygnema sp. x 16 μm gelatinous sheath Takamatsu Kagawa, 2002	Zygnema sp. x 15 μm gelatinous sheath Takamatsu Kagawa, 2002	Zygnema ? or Cylindrocystis ? Toneri Park Tokyo, 2001

Similar genus --> > Cylindrocystis;

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