Family: Unicells or cells loosely attached forming hyphae; cell body varied in shape, a constriction at the center in most species; cell walls consisting of two or more parts, with small pores and various ornaments (Illustrations of The Japanese Fresh-water Algae, 1977).
Genus:

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From genus Cosmarium, subgenus Dysphinctium, section Actinotaenium
C. clevei a large variety ? or C. turgidum ? 200 x 77 μm Takamatsu Kagawa, 2002	Cosmarium sp. ? C. clevei ? or Tetmemorus ? 51 x 20 μm Imou bog Toyohashi Aichi, 2004	C. curtum ? 5 samples 40-46 x 19-22 μm 2002-2006	C. diplosporum 6 samples 31-43 μm 2003-2007
C. australe 8 samples 69-92 μm 1999-2007	C. capax 4 samples 46-126 μm 1998-2006	C. cucurbitinum 7 samples 45-70 x 21-29 μm L/W=2.1-2.4 2003-2007	C. cucurbita 11 samples 30-59 x 17-24 μm 1999-2007
C. globosum 11 samples 30-36 x μm 2004-2007	Cosmarium sp. 30 x 21 μm single pyrenoid Saitama, 2001
From other section or other genus
C. turgidum 3 samples 198-214 μm 2004-2005	S. habeebense ? 6 samples 38-43 x 27-38 μm 2002-2006	P. rufescens 4 samples 70 x 25-26 μm Japan, 2003-7

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