Ipomoea purpurea

Ipomoea purpurea also originated in the tropics of the Americas. It was introduced into France in 1629 (Guyot, L., Gibassier, P.). The flower is 5 to 6 cm in diameter, and the leaf is a round type. Because it opens many flowers and can bear fruit capsules in the lower temperatures of autumn, it has been cultivated in Europe and North America for a long time, and most gardening varieties have been brought up there. Though it was introduced into Japan under the name "Yatubusa" in the Fukuoka region around Kanei 7 (1630) (New Grand Gardening Dictionary 1969 vol. 4, p.2104, Seibundo-sinkousha), but the Flaked strain was imported in the middle period of the Meiji era (1868-1912) (Naganuma, 1903).

Genetic studies of Ipomoea purpurea were started mainly on the Flaked strain (Barker, 1917). In Japan, Imai (1927) found an intermediate heredity in red and white flower inheritance. It was recently reported that a transposon inserted in a pigment synthetic gene is related to the mechanism that provides the characteristic of a flaked appearance.

Ipomoea purpurea (=Pharbitis purpurea)

Slide No. 164-177, 237-238
Budouiro Dark red purple Wine color	Aomurasakiiro Bluish purple color	Usubeni Purplish pink	Koiaka Dark red
Koibeni Yellowish red	Ebitya Dull red	Youhanten Ray spotted spotted	Aomurasakizyouhantensibori Bluish purple flaked Flaked
Aomurasakizyouhantensibori Bluish purple flaked Flaked	Akazyouhantensibori Red flaked Flaked	Akahigezaki Red feathering Feathering	Sirohigezaki White feathering Feathering
Sirohigezaki White feathering Feathering	Inheritance of Flower color red x white	Chromosome	Chromosome and Karyotype

References

1. Naganuma K. (1903) Illustrated Ipomoea purpurea Study on the Morning glory Vol. 1 (11): 9.
   
2. Barker, E. E. (1917) Heredity studies in the morning-glories (Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth) Bu11. Agric. Exp. Sta. Cornell Univ. 392: 3-38.
   
3. Imai, Y. (1920) Genetic studies in morning glories.3. Bot. Mag., Tokyo 34:217-245.
   
4. lmai, Y. (1927) The genetics of Pharbitis purpurea. J. Coll. Agr., Imp. Univ. Tokyo 9: 199-222.
   
5. Imai, Y., Tabuchi, K. (1935) Recurrent mutation in the flaked alleles of Pharbitis purpurea. J. Genet 35: 433-446.
   
6. Kasahara, K. (1956) Genetical studies on Pharbitis purpurea with special reference to mutable genes. Rep.Fac.Lib.Arts, Hosei University 1:1-31.
   
7. Osada, T. (1972) Illustrated Japanese alien plants Hokuryuukan.
   
8. Yoneda Y. and Takenaka Y. (1981) Natural-color illustrated monograph of Japanese morning glory. Hokuryukan.
   
9. Ennos, R.A., Clegg, M. T. (1983) Flower color variation in the morning glory, Ipomoea purpurea. J. Hered. 74: 247-250.
   
10. Schoen, D. J., Giannasi, D. E., Ennos, R. A., Clegg, M. T. (1984) Stem color and pleiotropy of genes deter-mining flower color in the common morning glory. J. Hered 75: ll3-ll6
    
11. Epperson, B. K., Clegg, M. T. (1987) Instability at a flower color locus in the morning glory. J. Hered. 78: 346-352
    
12. Epperson, B. K., Clegg, M. T. (1988) Genetics of Flower color polmorphism in the common morning glory (Ipomoea purpurea). J. Hered 79: 64-68
    
13. Yoneda, Y. (1990) Japanese Morning Glory. In: Amirato, P.V.,Evans, D.A.,Sharp, W.R., Bajaj, Y. P. S. (eds) 0rnamental Species. Handbook of Plant Cell Culture, Vol 5: 509-533 McGraw-Hill Publ. Co., New York.
    
14. Guyot, L., Gibassier, P. translated by Iida, T. & Sekura, M. (1991) Les noms des flerurs. Ysakashobou.
    
15. Epperson, B. K., Clegg, M. T. (1992) Unstable white flower color genes and their derivatives in the morning glory. J. Hered. 83: 405一409.
    
16. Yoneda, Y. (1995) Asagao, a gift from Edo-era: from dreams to science. Syoukabou.
    
17. Fukuda-Tanaka, S., Hoshino, A., Hisatomi, Y., Habu, Y., Hasebe, M. and Iida, S. (1997) Identification of new chalcone synthase genes for flower pigmentaiton in the Japanese and common morning glories. Plant & Cell Physiol 38: 754-758
    
18. Hisatomi, Y., Yoneda, Y., Kasahara, K., Inagaki, Y. and Iida, S. (1997) DNA rearrangements at the region of the dihydroflavonol 4-reductase gene for flower pigmentation and incomplete dominance in morning glory carrying the mutable flaked mutation. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 95: 509-515.